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中国通往欧洲的新门户——挪威北极小镇的“冰上丝路梦”

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??????????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ????????? ??????? ?? ????????? ???? ??????, ??????????? ????? ??????????? ?????? ?? ??????; ????????????: ???, ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????????? ???? ????????? ???????? ?????, ?? ???? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????

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Similarly, pages kept in userspace should not be designed to functionally substitute for articles or Wikipedia space pages. If you find that your user subpage has become as useful as a normal article or project page, consider moving it into the appropriate namespace or merging it with other similar pages already existing there. One should never create links from a mainspace article to any userpage, nor should a userspace essay be used as the primary documentation for any Wikipedia policy, guideline, practice, or concept.

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Do not include non-free images (copyrighted images lacking a free content license) on your user page or on any subpage thereof (this is official policy and the usual wide user page latitude does not apply, see ???????????:?????-??? ??? ?????? ????????? for details). Non-free images found on a user page (including user talk pages) will be removed (preferably by replacing it with a link to the image) from that page without warning (and, if not used in a Wikipedia article, deleted entirely). There is broad consensus that you should not have any image on your userpage that would bring the project into disrepute (per Jimbo Wales), and you may be asked to remove such images.

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Simulated MediaWiki interfaces

The Wikipedia community generally frowns upon simulating the MediaWiki interface, and it should be avoided except when necessary for testing purposes.

Ownership and editing of pages in the user space

As a tradition, Wikipedia offers wide latitude to users to manage their user space as they see fit. However, pages in user space still do belong to the community:

  • Contributions must be co-licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License and GNU Free documentation license, just as articles are.
  • Other users and bots may edit pages in your user space, though by convention your user page will usually not be edited by others.
  • Community policies, including ???????????:No personal attacks, apply to your user space, just as they do elsewhere. Article content policies such as WP:Original Research generally do not, though would apply should the material be moved into the namespace.
  • In some cases, material that does not somehow further the goals of the project may be removed (see below), as might edits from banned users.

In general, it is considered polite to avoid substantially editing another's user page without their permission. Some users are fine with their user pages being edited, and may even have a note to that effect. Other users may object and ask you not to edit their user pages, and it is probably sensible to respect their requests. The best option is to draw their attention to the matter on their talk page and let them edit their user page themselves if they agree on a need to do so. In some cases a more experienced editor may make a non-trivial edit to your user page, in which case that editor should leave a note on your talk page explaining why this was done. This should not be done for trivial reasons.

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Policy does not prohibit users, including both registered and anonymous users, from removing comments from their own talk pages, although archiving is preferred. The removal of a warning is taken as evidence that the warning has been read by the user. Deleted warnings can still be found in the page history. Repeatedly restoring warnings does nothing but antagonize users, and can encourage further disruption; removal of template warnings is rarely an urgent or important matter, and it is often best to simply let the matter rest if other disruption stops.

Important exceptions include declined unblock requests and confirmed sockpuppetry notices (while blocks are still in effect), as well as miscellany for deletion tags (while the discussion is in progress) or, for anonymous editors, shared IP header templates. These notices and templates are necessary in order to keep a user from gaming the system. Such templates are intended not only to communicate with the user in question, but to share important information about e.g. blocks and sockpuppetry with other users.

Users should note that restoring talk page warnings is not a listed exception to the three-revert rule.

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As with article pages, user pages are occasionally the targets of vandalism, or, more rarely, edit wars. When edit wars or vandalism persist, the affected page should be protected from editing.

Most user page vandalism occurs in retaliation for a contributor's efforts to deal with vandalism. Administrators may protect their own user pages when appropriate, and are permitted to edit protected pages in user space. Sometimes a non-administrator's user page may be the target of vandalism. Such pages should be listed at ???????????:Requests for page protection and may then be protected by an administrator.

Note that repeatedly inserting copyrighted content on your own user page after being notified that doing so violates our policy is also considered disruptive, and may result in it being protected.

Vandalism of talk pages is less common. Usually such vandalism should merely be reverted. Blocks should be used for repeated vandalism of talk pages, where policy permits. In rare cases, protection may be used but is considered a last resort given the importance of talk page discussions to the project.

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If the community lets you know that they would rather you delete some content from your user space, you should consider doing so – such content is only permitted with the consent of the community. Alternatively, you could move the content to another site, and link to it.

If you do not cooperate, inappropriate content will eventually be removed, either by editing the page (if only part of it is inappropriate), or by redirecting it to your main user page (if it is entirely inappropriate).

In extreme cases, your user subpage may be deleted, following a listing on Miscellany for deletion, subject to deletion policy.

What to do if you find someone else's user page being used inappropriately

A user page being used as a personal web page may be nominated for deletion at Miscellany for deletion. A personal image may be nominated for deletion at Images and media for deletion. If you are considering nominating a user page or personal image for deletion because it appears to be used as a personal web page or a blog, please be aware that many editors will consider this a personal attack on themselves, because they may believe they own "my userpage". Be very careful not to scare a newbie away from Wikipedia, and try to assume good faith that they are merely trying to share information about themselves. Try to resolve the issue on the user's talk page first. Also note that a limited amount of personal information (perhaps a short biography) and a freely licensed (never fair use) tasteful personal photograph or two are usually allowed on a user's page in order to show the user's human side, but only if the page complies with other Wikipedia policies.

Users with most of their contribution edits outside their user space should be given more leeway in this regard than users whose edits consist solely or mostly of user space edits. And always remember that a user's user page simply being used as a personal web page is not in itself a speedy deletion criterion. User pages that go beyond this into advertising may be tagged for speedy deletion however: most of the speedy deletion criteria apply equally to user space as to main space. The only exceptions are that test edits and the re-creation of deleted material (within limits) are permitted in user space. A user's contributions that consist solely of a lone edit to their user page, per our requirements to assume good faith, should not normally be deleted unless it consists solely of spam or other inappropriate material. A user may have simply created their page as their first edit, and could return at any time. Such pages should be sent to "the miscellany for deletion", and not speedily deleted.

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In most namespaces it is possible to create a subpage of a "parent" page. So if a page is called "PAGE", a subpage of "PAGE" with the name "SUBPAGE" would be located at "PAGE/SUBPAGE". It is not possible to create subpages in mainspace (where articles are located), in the Image namespace, in the Help namespace, and in a few others shown here.

???????????:Example/Lipsum is an example of a user subpage, named Lipsum, for user Example.

New editors and experienced Wikipedians can use subpages of their user page to develop templates and articles, test wikitext markup, and create new articles before moving them to the main Wikipedia space.

There are several common uses for user subpages:

  1. To place user page-appropriate content on a separate page in order to avoid having a large user page or merely not to conspicuously display it (for example, an awards page).
  2. To plan large changes to articles, new articles, or allow Wikipedians to draft graphical layout overhauls.
  3. To delineate views on Wikipedia, its functioning, or behavior of Wikipedians in general.
  4. To test wikimarkup or LaTeX. User pages and user subpages can be transcluded and substituted, so they behave like templates, and can be tested as such. Pages meant for arbitrary testing are called sandboxes; there is a sandbox for general testing, but not for long-term development.

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To create a subpage, first create a link on your user page that will lead to your new subpage. For example, to create a link to a subpage you want to be called "Sandbox," place the text [[/Sandbox]] on your user page and save it. This will create a red link "/Sandbox" on your user page. Follow the red link to a blank page which will contain a text editor and add content using the input frame. Finally, save the content by selecting the "Save page" button to create your new subpage. Do not forget the first forward slash in your link, or you will put the page in the main namespace as a regular article and will have to ask for speedy deletion if you save what you write.

It is possible to create a subpage of a subpage (a sub-subpage) to build a hierarchy of subpages. When doing this, you may wish to make relative links among the hierarchy. These are easier to type than absolute links and may make it easier to move a group of subpages. See m:Help:Link#Subpage feature for information about creating relative links.

If you need help creating a user subpage, you can get assistance at WP:UPH or use the helpme feature.

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Deleting, or otherwise fixing, other users' userpages and subpages

Pages that are unambiguous copyright violations or attack pages or serve only to advertise or promote can be tagged for speedy deletion using a suitable speedy deletion template, such as {{db-attack}}, {{db-copyvio}} or {{db-G11}}.

If you find another user's userpage or subpage inappropriate, in part or in its entirety, it is considered polite to raise your concerns on the user's talk page before taking any action. This will allow the user to request deletion on their own. If the user is inactive, or the page appears abandoned and is uncontroversial, or if you are quite sure, remove the offending content, nicely explaining in your edit why you are doing this. If the entire page is inappropriate, consider blanking it, or redirecting the subpage to the userpage, or to the most relevant existing mainspace or project space page.

If the user disagrees with you, or there is a reason why the blanking/redirecting is not good enough, or if the issue not uncontroversial, list the page at ???????????:Miscellany for deletion by placing {{mfd}} at the top of the page, and following the instructions on the template.

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You can easily request the deletion of any of your user subpages by adding {{db-userreq}} to the top of the page; however, subpages of user talk pages may be subject to different requirements – see the section on deleting user talk pages, below. Only tag for deletion your own personal pages, and only if you have a genuine reason for requesting a personal subpage of yours be deleted. Alternatively, you might consider simply making the page redirect to your user page. This is normally sufficient for most people's needs. There may however be a reason for the page to be kept.

Blanking of user subpages is interpreted by some as a deletion request. If you are blanking one of your user subpages and wish the page history to be kept, it is best to leave a note to that effect on the blank page (eg. "blanked to page history – please do not delete"). If you want a user subpage deleted, it is best to use {{db-userreq}} to specifically request it, rather than blanking the page.

Pages which have formerly been in a different namespace and moved to a subpage of the user namespace may not be deleted in this way. These must be listed either at Articles for deletion, or if they were not found originally in the article namespace, at Miscellany for deletion. On the other hand, if you would just like them to be moved back, then by all means ask at ???????????:Requested moves.

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Where there is no significant abuse and no administrative need to retain the personal information, you can request that your own user page and user subpages be deleted. This is done instead of account deletion because accounts with contributions cannot be deleted as this would allow another user to create the account, and claim authorship of those edits. It is not possible for your edits to be removed entirely; for this reason, removing the account would potentially violate copyrights by allowing for such authorship claims.

Just add to the page: {{db-userreq}}. An administrator will then delete it after checking that the page does not contain evidence of policy violations that may need to be kept. If there has been no disruptive behavior meriting the retention of that personal information, then the administrator can delete the page straight away in order to eliminate general public distribution of the history containing the information. If the deletion occurs immediately, others may request undeletion if they feel there was in fact a need to retain the page. In such a case, the page should be undeleted and listed on Miscellany for deletion for a period of five days following the deletion of the user page. If a user page was deleted because a contributor left, it may be restored by an administrator if the contributor returns, particularly if the history contains evidence of policy violations.

Users who have left Wikipedia may be added to ???????????:Missing Wikipedians.

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As a matter of practice, user talk pages are generally not deleted, barring legal threats or other grievous violations that have to be removed for legal reasons; however, exceptions to this can be and are made on occasion for good reason (see right to vanish). Archives of user talk pages created by using page moves are also generally not deleted. In addition, nonpublic personal information and potentially libelous information posted to your talk page may be removed by making a request for oversight.

What other information is accessible to others from my user page?

In addition to the usual information accessible from an article page such as page history, "Discuss this page" and the like, other users at Wikipedia can also click "User contributions" (in the sidebar or at the bottom of the page) to see what contributions you have made at Wikipedia over time. See MediaWiki User's Guide: User contributions page for more. Please note that having your user page deleted does not delete this list of your contributions.

Visitors to your user page can also click "E-mail this user" if you have opted in your user preferences to be able to send and receive email. See ???????????:Emailing users.

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